چکیده: In Shiite ritual and belief, the ʿalam, literally a “signpost” or “flag,” is universally revered, being the most important of object carried on Mụharram ritual processions. Conceived as a replica of the battle standard ...

چکیده: In Shiite ritual and belief, the ʿalam, literally a “signpost” or “flag,” is universally revered, being the most important of object carried on Mụharram ritual processions. Conceived as a replica of the battle standard ...