Study on the aesthetics of Nahjolbalaghe 224 sermon

Abstract

Aesthetic reviews examine the analysis of literary texts on the basis of their artistic and technical principles. In addition to music and structure, following method evaluates literary texts based on the four principles of sense, imagery, style and being spiritual or abstract. Aesthetic reviews of literary works have closer relation to the nature of literature and understanding its secrets, because they derive from the origin of literature and regulate their principles and rules in accordance with it. Common features of the studied sermons are as follows: deep concepts and semantic coherence, emotional power and dynamism due to the components of true affection, fluent expressing without complicacy due to using imagination with aim of deepening the meaning and aesthetic, coherent style, harmonization of music and rhythm of the words with meaning and emotion that prevents the artificial array in these sermons, coordination of the word choice with voice and sentence structure, Eloquence of words, harmonization and coordination of words with meaning and compatibility of the four literary elements.

ﺑﺮرسی ﻫﺎی زیﺒﺎییﺷﻨﺎسی ﺑﻪ ﺗﺤﻠیﻞ ﻣﺘﻮن ادﺑی ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس اﺻﻮل ﻓﻨی و ﻫﻨﺮی ﻣیﭘﺮدازد و در کﻨﺎر ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺳیﻘی و ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر، ﻣﺘﻦ ادﺑی را ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎیﻪ ﭼﻬﺎر اﺻﻞ اﺣﺴﺎس، ﺻﻮر ﺧیﺎل، اﺳﻠﻮب و ﻣﻌﻨﻮی، ﻫﻤﭽﻨیﻦ اﻧﺘﺰاﻋی ﺑﻮدن آن ارزیﺎﺑی ﻣیکﻨﺪ. ﺑﺮرﺳیﻫﺎی زیﺒﺎییﺷﻨﺎﺳی اﺛﺮ، ﻗﺮاﺑﺖ ﺑیﺸﺘﺮی ﺑﺎ ﻃﺒیﻌﺖ ادﺑیﺎت و ﻓﻬﻢ اﺳﺮار آن دارﻧﺪ؛ زیﺮا از دل ادﺑیﺎت ﺑﺮﻣیآیﻨﺪ و ﻗﻮاﻋﺪ و اﺻﻮل ﺧﻮد را ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس آن ﺗﻨﻈیﻢ ﻣیکﻨﻨﺪ. در ایﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ، کﻪ ﺳﻌی در ﺑﺮرﺳی ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ادﺑی ﺧﻄﺒﻪ ﻣﺬکﻮر دارد، ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮاردی ﻫﻤﭽﻮن اﻧﺪیﺸﻪ اﻣﺎم ﻋﻠی (ع)، ﺷیﻮه ﺑیﺎن ﻣﻀﺎﻣیﻦ، ﻋﺎﻃﻔﻪ اﻣیﺮاﻟﻤﺆﻣﻨیﻦ و ﺗﻨﻮع آن، ﺗﺼﻮیﺮﭘﺮدازی و ﻣﻮاردی از ﻗﺒیﻞ اﻟﻔﺎظ، ﻋﺒﺎرات و ﻣﻮﺳیﻘی ﻣیﭘﺮدازیﻢ. ویﮋﮔیﻫﺎی ﺑﺎرز ﺧﻄﺒﻪ ﻣﺬکﻮر داﺷﺘﻦ ﺑیﺎن روان، ﻗﺪرت و ﭘﻮیﺎیی ﻋﺎﻃﻔﻪ اﺳﺖ کﻪ دﻟیﻞ آن ﺑﺮﺧﻮرداری از ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ ﺻﺪق ﻋﺎﻃﻔﻪ و ﻋﻤﻖ در ﻣﻌﻨﺎﺳﺖ کﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ داﺷﺘﻦ ﺻﻮر ﺧیﺎل، اﺳﻠﻮﺑی ﻣﻨﺴﺠﻢ، ﻫﻤﮕﻮﻧی ﻣﻮﺳیﻘی و ریﺘﻢ کﻼم ﺑﺎ ﻣﻌﻨﺎ و ﻋﺎﻃﻔﻪ، ﻫﻤﭽﻨیﻦ ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕی ﮔﺰیﻨﺶ واژﮔﺎن ﺑﺎ آوا و ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﺟﻤﻼت، ﻓﺼﺎﺣﺖ واژﮔﺎن، ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺐ اﻟﻔﺎظ ﺑﺎﻣﻌﻨﺎ و ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕی و ﺳﻨﺨیﺖ ﻫﺮ ﭼﻬﺎر ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ادﺑی ﺑﺎ ﻫﻢ ﻫﺴﺘیﻢ.