موقعیت یابی اشراف قبیله ای (رهبران رده ) در دوران خلفای راشدین با تکیه بر نقش اشعث بن قیس کندی در حکومت علی (ع )

Abstract

After the Prophet (PBH) died, many of the tribes that had unwillingly converted into Islam disobeyed the government of Medina, so they were called pagan. However, following the arrival of military forces they became obedient. Following increasing victories, the leaders of such tribes gained their previous outstanding positions by showing their ability as military commanders, though they were not in a good position during the rule of Abubakr. During Othmanʹs rule, they were provided with good grounds to obtain political and administrative positions and dominated their tribes completely. Imam Ali (pBH) followed the transformation policy and tried to weaken such leadersʹ positions. However, he faced a reality based on which such people, including Ashath-bin-Gheis, the most distinguished figure among them, preserved their influence, though in a minimum degree. In this way, they succeeded in changing the position against Imam All (PBH) in decisive situations such as the Seffin War. They always created different problems up to the end of Imamʹs life.