نقد و بررسی گزارش سبط‌بن‌جوزی درباره امام حسن عسکری (ع) با تاکید بر دو کتاب مرآةالزمان و تذکرةالخواص

Abstract

سبط بن جوزی، من المورخین السنه الذین اهتموا بحیاه الايمه (ع). تقاریره عن حیاه الامام حسن العسکری (ع)، بخلاف الايمه الاخرین، قلیله لاسباب متعدده منها قله النصوص التاریخیه. ربما بعض القضایا مثل المکانه العايلیه والافکار الدینیه اثرت فی تقدیم مواده. هذه الدراسه تهدف الی نقد تقریر سبط بن جوزی عن حیاه الامام العسکری (ع) واکتشاف مصادره، ومراجعه سندها ودلالتها ومحتواها، والاجابه علی سوال: الی ای تقاریر اهتم اکثر وکیف قدمها فی اعماله؟ تظهر النتیجه انه فی عرض المعلومات المتعلقه بالامام حسن العسکری (ع)، استخدم الوصف مع اسلوب الاختصار والاختیار بدون تحلیل؛ بمعنی انه اهتم بدایه باسم ونسب الامام، ثم بتاریخ ومکان الولاده وکذلک تاریخ ومکان الوفاه وفتره العمر واسم والدته، وبعد ذلک اختصارا اشار الی فضايل الامام. الروایه عن الحدیث، موضوع اخر اهتم به سبط الی حد ما ونقل نموذجا من مسانید الامام.

S`ebt e- Ben is one of the sunnit historians who has considered the biography of Imams (PBUT). His report on the life of Imam Hassan Askari (PBUH), unlike that of other Imams, is limited due to different reasons including the lack of historical propositions. Obviously, the dynastical position as well as the religious thoughts have been the elements effective on the presentation of his records. Having a critical look at the reports, this research is to investigate the documents and their content in order to answer this question on what reports he paid the most attention and how he included them in his works.The result of study clarifies that he has taken advantage of description along with the abbreviation method and selection without any analysis in the reflection of facts on the life of Imam Hassan Askari (PBUH); so that, he has firstly considered the name and kinship of Imam and then, the date and birth place, the date and place of departure of that holiness, the length of life, his mother’s name and finally he has briefly indicated the virtue of that holiness. The narration of hadith is the other issue which has been less considered by Sebt and he has narrated a sample of Imam’s traditions

The Shiites like the others were active in many occupations to meet their needs and society’s. The recommendation of prophet’s Family on having an occupation has been effective in this regard. Considering the specific status of Shiites in time of Occultation, the present research is to investigate all kinds of professions done by the companions of Imam Hassan Askari (PBUH). Due to the lack of sources, it was difficult to achieve the data on the issue. However, 26 out of 110 companions’ occupations could be specified based on the present historical data. The diversity of those professions such as calligraphy, selling flour, producing oil, carpentry, and coppersmith shows the presence of Imam in different domains of economic life in that era as well as the companions’ simultaneous effort related to learning the sciences of Prophet’s Family on one hand and doing ordinary jobs on the other hand